Now armed with a rented botnet, DDoS attacks have become a viable (if criminal) and cost-effective option for anyone looking to take out a website or disturb communication of home and office networks. They provide their clients with a richly-featured toolkit, as well as a distribution network, so as to execute their attacks on call. These platforms, often hiding behind the ambiguous service definition of stressers, or booters, sell DDoS-as-a-service. They can be rented and used for DDoS or other attacks (e.g., brute force). Online marketplaces have even sprung up-these are commercial entities trading in huge numbers of malware-infected PCs. This means that any given botnet DDoS attack may have multiple origins, or be controlled by multiple individuals-sometimes working in a coordinated manner, other times operating independently.īotnets-for-hire are available from various sources, their services often being auctioned and traded among attackers. To communicate with a C&C server, the botmaster uses various hidden channels, including seemingly innocuous protocols like IRC and HTTP websites, as well as popular services like Twitter, Facebook and even Reddit.īotnet servers are able to communicate and cooperate with other botnet servers, effectively creating a P2P network controlled by a single or multiple botmasters. The originator of a botnet is commonly referred to as a “bot herder,” or “botmaster.” This individual controls the botnet remotely, often through intermediate machines known as the command and control (C&C, or C2) servers. These can be over-encumbered with a flood of fabricated DNS requests, originating from botnet devices. It should be noted that DDoS attacks can also target supporting infrastructures and services-most commonly the target’s DNS servers. They’re almost always executed by botnets, with a goal of consuming the target’s upstream bandwidth, resulting in network saturation.
These are high-capacity barrages, measured in gigabits per second (Gbps) or packets per second (PPS). Network layer DDoS attack types include UDP floods, SYN floods, NTP amplification, DNS amplification, SSDP amplification, IP fragmentation and more. This causes high CPU and memory usage that eventually hangs or crashes the application.Ģ. Application layer DDoS attack types include HTTP floods, slow attacks ( Slowloris, RUDY), zero-day assaults, and those targeting vulnerabilities in operation systems, web applications and communication protocols.Ĭomprised of seemingly legitimate and innocent requests, their magnitude usually being measured in requests per second (RPS), the goal of the attacks is to overwhelm a target application with requests.
A DDoS attack, however, uses multiple connected devices-often executed by botnets or, on occasion, by individuals who have coordinated their activity.ĭDoS attacks can be divided into two general categories:ġ.
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It is achieved by saturating a service, which results in its temporary suspension or interruption.Ī Denial of Service (DoS) attack involves a single machine used to either target a software vulnerability or flood a targeted resource with packets, requests or queries. A DDoS attack is a malicious attempt to make a server or a network resource unavailable to users. Merry Xmas!” – DDoS ransom note What is a DDoS attack?ĭDoS is an acronym for distributed denial of service. “We have a Botnet army ready to take down your site. At the same time it could also be performing vulnerability scans, with its owner browsing the web-unaware of both occurrences. For instance, a malware-infected personal computer could be ordered to rapidly access a website as part of a larger DDoS attack. From the point of view of hackers, these botnet devices are computing resources that can be used for any type of malicious purposes-most commonly for spam or DDoS attacks.Īn individual botnet device can be simultaneously compromised by several perpetrators, each using it for a different type of attack and often at the same time. Occasionally referred to as a “zombie army,” a botnet is a group of hijacked Internet-connected devices, each injected with malware used to control it from a remote location without the knowledge of the device’s rightful owner.
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